-- card: 63437 from stack: in
-- bmap block id: 64045
-- flags: 0000
-- background id: 2665
-- name: 


-- part 1 (field)
-- low flags: 00
-- high flags: 0002
-- rect: left=265 top=23 right=47 bottom=508
-- title width / last selected line: 0
-- icon id / first selected line: 0 / 0
-- text alignment: 0
-- font id: 128
-- text size: 10
-- style flags: 256
-- line height: 13
-- part name: f1


-- part 2 (field)
-- low flags: 00
-- high flags: 0002
-- rect: left=334 top=168 right=193 bottom=398
-- title width / last selected line: 0
-- icon id / first selected line: 0 / 0
-- text alignment: 0
-- font id: 128
-- text size: 9
-- style flags: 0
-- line height: 12
-- part name: f2


-- part 3 (field)
-- low flags: 00
-- high flags: 0002
-- rect: left=414 top=169 right=194 bottom=478
-- title width / last selected line: 0
-- icon id / first selected line: 0 / 0
-- text alignment: 0
-- font id: 128
-- text size: 9
-- style flags: 0
-- line height: 12
-- part name: f3


-- part 4 (field)
-- low flags: 00
-- high flags: 0002
-- rect: left=335 top=201 right=226 bottom=399
-- title width / last selected line: 0
-- icon id / first selected line: 0 / 0
-- text alignment: 0
-- font id: 128
-- text size: 9
-- style flags: 0
-- line height: 12
-- part name: f4


-- part 5 (field)
-- low flags: 00
-- high flags: 0002
-- rect: left=414 top=200 right=225 bottom=478
-- title width / last selected line: 0
-- icon id / first selected line: 0 / 0
-- text alignment: 0
-- font id: 128
-- text size: 9
-- style flags: 0
-- line height: 12
-- part name: f5


-- part 6 (field)
-- low flags: 00
-- high flags: 0002
-- rect: left=415 top=248 right=273 bottom=479
-- title width / last selected line: 0
-- icon id / first selected line: 0 / 0
-- text alignment: 0
-- font id: 128
-- text size: 10
-- style flags: 256
-- line height: 13
-- part name: f6


-- part 8 (button)
-- low flags: 00
-- high flags: 8003
-- rect: left=442 top=129 right=151 bottom=500
-- title width / last selected line: 0
-- icon id / first selected line: 0 / 0
-- text alignment: 1
-- font id: 0
-- text size: 12
-- style flags: 0
-- line height: 16
-- part name: ENTER
----- HyperTalk script -----
on mouseUp
  delete line 1 of card field f2
  delete line 1 of card field f3
  delete line 1 of card field f4
  delete line 1 of card field f5
  get the location of card field f2
  click at it
end mouseUp



-- part 9 (button)
-- low flags: 00
-- high flags: 8003
-- rect: left=295 top=251 right=273 bottom=395
-- title width / last selected line: 0
-- icon id / first selected line: 0 / 0
-- text alignment: 1
-- font id: 0
-- text size: 12
-- style flags: 0
-- line height: 16
-- part name: RUN
----- HyperTalk script -----
on mouseUp
  global denom
  global sum
  set numberFormat to "0.0000"
  put the value of ((card field f2 + card field f3 + card field f4 + card field f5)) into sum
  put the value of (((card field f2 + card field f3) * (card field f2 + card field f4) * (card field f4 + card field f5) * ( card field f3 + card field f5))) into denom
  set numberFormat to "000.00"
  put the value of ((((abs(( card field f2 * card field f5) - (card field f3 * card field f4)) - ( 0.5 * sum))^2 ) * sum)/ denom) into card field f6
end mouseUp



-- part 10 (button)
-- low flags: 00
-- high flags: 8003
-- rect: left=144 top=314 right=336 bottom=244
-- title width / last selected line: 0
-- icon id / first selected line: 0 / 0
-- text alignment: 1
-- font id: 0
-- text size: 12
-- style flags: 0
-- line height: 16
-- part name: TWIN STUDIES
----- HyperTalk script -----
on mouseUp
  go to card id 60673
end mouseUp




-- part contents for background part 1
----- text -----
CONTINGENCY CHI-SQUARE

-- part contents for background part 2
----- text -----
At times it is desirable to compare two sets of data taken at different times under different conditions. Whenever this is done, one must concern oneself with whether the observed results are dependent 
(contingent upon) or independent of the different conditions under which they were observed. In genetics, this boils down to how independent the observations were of environmental conditions. To test this relationship, a contingency chi-square is employed. In this set-up two different exercises are examined. Enter the data for each trial in the appropriate boxes and click on the RUN button. The program will compute the contingency chi-square. If it is less than 3.84, then the data classes are independent of external influences or forces. In other words, they are independent of experimental conditions including the influences of diffrent genotypes. In the twin studies, if the chi-square is more than 3.84, the effect  is controlled, at least in part, by a genetic component.The degree to which the genetic component is able to effect a particular phenotype is a function of the environment. Therefore, some genetic influences will produce very large chi square values when they are able to exert their influence unopposed over the phenotype. If the environment modifies such influence, it will reduce the chi-square accordingly.  

-- part contents for card part 6
----- text -----
053.51

-- part contents for card part 1
----- text -----
Rickets

-- part contents for background part 8
----- text -----
49

-- part contents for card part 2
----- text -----
52

-- part contents for card part 3
----- text -----
8

-- part contents for card part 4
----- text -----
16

-- part contents for card part 5
----- text -----
58